Sift the flour, powdered sugar, and salt into a large bowl.
Add the lemon zest and the cold, cubed butter into the flour and rub the butter and flour together between your fingers until it resembles a bread crumb consistency with a few pea-sized pieces of butter still visible. (Do not overwork the dough, this makes tough pastry!)
Make a well in the middle of the flour and pour in your egg.
Using a fork, mix the egg into the flour.
Add 1 Tbsp ice-cold water and use your hands to bring the dough together. Add more water sparingly if needed.
Tip the pastry onto a lightly floured work surface. Use floured hands to shape pastry into a ball taking care not to overwork the dough.
Flatten slightly into a disc and wrap well in plastic wrap. REFRIGERATE FOR AT LEAST 1 HOUR. (The resting time is very important)
Remove the chilled pastry from the fridge and transfer it to a clean, lightly floured surface. Allow pastry to sit for about 10 minutes or so to soften slightly. (Trying to roll pastry that is too cold will cause the edges to crack.)
To roll out, lightly flour your countertop and rolling pin and using firm, even strokes, roll from the center outward, turning the pastry a quarter turn every few strokes. Roll the pastry out to the thickness of a coin (⅛” thick) and into a 12" circle.
Flour the base of a 9" deep fluted tart tin and gently lift the pastry and place into the prepared tin. Use a small ball of extra dough from the edges to push the pastry into the grooves along the edge of the tin.
Using a sharp knife, trim off the excess pastry from the tin.
Place the prepared pastry shell IN THE FRIDGE FOR AT LEAST 1 HOUR to allow the pastry to relax. (Optional: wrap the pastry well in plastic wrap and place in the fridge OVERNIGHT. Cold is very important!)
Preheat your oven to 350°F.
Prick the cold pastry base all over with a fork and then line with parchment paper and fill with pie weights all the way up the sides.
Blind bake for 15 minutes, then very carefully remove the paper and pie weights.
In a small bowl, whisk together the egg and milk to form your egg wash. Brush the base of the pastry with egg wash and return the pastry back to the oven and bake for an additional 7-10 minutes or until the base is dry and a light golden color.
Remove from the oven and leave the tart base to cool while you make the filling. Keep the oven on.